Besano

Discover Besano

Besano, in the province of Varese, stands out for its strategic location along the ancient Via Varesina and, especially, for its strong connection to Monte San Giorgio, a paleontological site recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. At an altitude of 350 meters, with a population of 2,611 inhabitants, the village is a reference point for the study of Middle Triassic fossils, dating back approximately 240 million years. Numerous finds, including the famous Besanosaurus, have been discovered in this area, offering a unique window into a prehistoric marine ecosystem. For those wondering what to see in Besano, the village offers an itinerary that combines geology, faith, and architecture.

History and origins of Besano

The origins of Besano are rooted in a past that links the territory to Roman presence, evidenced by the route of the Via Varesina, an important connecting road. The name of the village itself has several interpretations, including one that associates it with “Bis-sanus,” indicating a doubly healthy place. Historical documents attest to its existence as early as the Middle Ages, when Besano was part of the jurisdiction of the Contado del Seprio, a territorial entity of considerable importance in northern Italy. Over the centuries, the village has seen a succession of different dominations, yet maintained its identity tied to agriculture and, later, to the textile industry.

The 20th century marked a fundamental turning point for Besano, with the discovery and systematic study of the fossil deposits of Monte San Giorgio. The first significant discoveries date back to the early 1900s, but it was from the 1970s onwards that scientific research intensified, bringing to light finds of exceptional importance. The most famous among these is the Besanosaurus leptorhynchus, a large ichthyosaur whose almost complete skeleton was found in 1993, providing crucial data for understanding marine life in the Triassic.

What to see in Besano: 5 essential attractions

Besano offers visitors various opportunities for discovery, ranging from geology to religious architecture, demonstrating the richness of its territory.

• Church of San Martino Vescovo

  The parish church, dedicated to San Martino Vescovo, is the main religious building in the village. Its current structure is the result of enlargements and modifications that occurred over the centuries, but it retains architectural elements that tell of its construction phases. Inside, one can observe sacred artworks, including frescoes and paintings that decorate the naves and the high altar, depicting religious scenes and figures of saints.

• UNESCO Site of Monte San Giorgio

  Besano is one of the gateways to Monte San Giorgio, recognized by UNESCO for the extraordinary preservation of Middle Triassic marine fossils. The area offers the opportunity to understand the geological and paleontological context that allowed the formation of these deposits. The trails on the mountain allow visitors to appreciate the landscape and imagine the ancient marine environment that covered these lands millions of years ago. For more information, you can consult the Wikipedia page on Monte San Giorgio.

• Civic Fossil Museum of Besano

  The Civic Fossil Museum of Besano is a documentation and exhibition center dedicated to the finds discovered in the area. Although the most important fossils are preserved in larger museums, the local museum offers an overview of the discoveries and the research work carried out. It is a reference point for deepening knowledge of the Besanosaurus and other organisms that inhabited the Triassic sea, with educational panels and reproductions.

• Villa Besozzi-Castelbarco

  This historic villa represents an example of valuable residential architecture in the Besano area. Built at an unspecified time, it has undergone various transformations that defined its current appearance. The property is linked to the Besozzi family, one of the historic lineages of the area. Although not always open for internal visits, its presence contributes to the architectural context of the village.

• Nature Trails of Valceresio

  The territory surrounding Besano, part of Valceresio, offers various trails and routes suitable for walks and hikes. These itineraries allow visitors to cross woods, admire views towards Lake Lugano and the Varese Prealps, and observe local flora and fauna. The trails are marked and suitable for different difficulty levels, offering an opportunity to experience the territory actively.

Local cuisine and products

The cuisine of Besano and Valceresio is part of the Lombard gastronomic tradition, with influences due to its proximity to Switzerland and the pre-Alpine lakes. Among the main dishes are meat-based preparations, such as braised beef in red wine, often accompanied by polenta, a staple food of the Varese table. Risottos are another cornerstone, with variations that include porcini mushrooms gathered in the surrounding woods or perch, caught in nearby lakes.

Among the local products, Formaggella del Luinese DOP stands out, a goat cheese with a delicate but persistent flavor, produced in the valleys of the Varese area. Honey is also available, particularly Miele Varesino DOP, obtained from various local blooms. Village festivals, such as that of the patron saint on November 11, are opportunities to taste these products and traditional dishes, often accompanied by local wines or craft beers.

When to visit Besano: the best time

Besano can be visited at different times of the year, each with its own characteristics. Spring and early autumn are ideal for excursions on the nature trails and Monte San Giorgio, thanks to mild temperatures and nature displaying vibrant colors. Summer allows for full enjoyment of outdoor activities, although temperatures can be higher. On November 11, for the patron saint’s festival of San Martino, the village comes alive with religious celebrations and local events that offer a glimpse into community traditions.

How to get to Besano

Besano is located about 15 kilometers northeast of Varese.

• By car: It can be reached via the A8 motorway (Autostrada dei Laghi) by exiting at Varese and then continuing on State Road 344 towards Porto Ceresio.
• By train: The nearest train station is Porto Ceresio or Varese. From Varese, Besano can be reached by local bus lines.
• By plane: The nearest international airport is Milan Malpensa (MXP), located about 40 kilometers away. From the airport, one can continue by car or public transport to Varese and then Besano.

Other villages to discover in Lombardy

Lombardy, in addition to Besano, hosts a variety of villages that deserve a stop. Each location presents specific characteristics, linked to its geographical position, its history, and its traditions. A short distance from Besano, there are other centers that offer a complementary travel experience. For example, Brenta, in Valcuvia, is a village that developed around a historic core with buildings that tell of its evolution over time. Its streets and squares are evidence of architecture that has adapted to the territory.

Another example is Barasso, also in the province of Varese, which stands out for its hilly location and the presence of religious buildings of interest. Both of these villages offer an opportunity to explore the Lombard pre-Alpine context, with its landscape specificities and cultural events. These smaller centers allow visitors to observe local life and discover different aspects of the region.